Prohibition of childrens toys and child care articles. The sample preparation of imported plastic toys for. And they can be transmitted through breast milk, so its important to learn how to limit a moms exposure in order to protect her baby. This has to be used either for determining the 6 phthalates according to cpsia section 108a and b as well as for the 8 phthalates according to 16 cfr 7. Gcms determination of phthalate concentration in plastic toys. In december 1999, the european union eu implemented a restriction on six phthalate esters in toys and childcare products meant to be placed in the mouths of children under the age of three with a maximum concentration total phthalate content not exceeding 0. If a test shows an unexpectedly elevated concentration, we can also help you isolate the source for the banned phthalate, such as from a process contamination, a. More phthalates banned in childrens toys by us government cnn.
National environmental trust have also campaigned against the use of phthalates in childrens products. Toys sold in the indian market have been shown to contain shockingly high levels of lead and cadmium kumar and pastore, 2007 but there are no reports of phthalates in toys from india. October 27, 2017 the proposed rule would establish a new regulation on the use of specified phthalates in childrens toys and child care articles. Over 60% contained dehp at concentrations more than 10 times than that permitted, mostly dolls and toy animals. Three other high phthalates dinp, didp and dioctyl phthalate dnop were temporarily restricted in toys that can be placed in a childs mouth and child care articles. Attention has focused on the use of phthalates in toys and other childcare products and the use of bpa in food packaging and baby bottles, despite the fact. Phthalates in toys available in indian market article pdf available in bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 866. Prohibition of childrens toys and child care articles containing specified phthalates. As a result, a reliable technique to determine the phthalate level in toys is necessary. Phthalates pronounced thalates are a group of industrial chemicals that add flexibility and resilience to consumer and building products, particularly those made out of polyvinyl chloride pvc or vinyl plastic. Federal register prohibition of childrens toys and. Section 108a of the cpsia permanently prohibited the manufacture for sale, offer for sale, distribution in commerce, or importation into the united states of any childrens toy or child care article that.
Testing services available for phthalates berkeley analytical tests toys, childcare items, building products, consumer products and other items for phthalate esters. Phthalates like dehp, dinp and didp added to pvc toys to improve flexibility in soft pvc. There is also a chance that the oils used to soften these toys could cause a condom to break down, making it utterly useless to protect you. In 2006, the european union banned the use of 6 phthalates in toys that may be placed in the mouth by children younger than 3 years old.
United states and a large portion of those sold in the european. House and senate agree to ban some phthalates from toys. Choose 3free nail polish, which does not contain phthalates. The personal lubricant in prelubricated condoms could but doesnt necessarily facilitate the leaching phthalates out of a sex toy. The concentrations of plasticizers vary widely in these items. Are phthalates in sex toys unsafe for your nether regions. Poster gcms phthalate esters in baby toys shimadzu. Sex toys made of jellylike rubber, vinyl or pvc usually contain phthalates. Under the eu phthalates directive 200584ec 1 from 16 january 2007, dehp, dbp and bbp will be banned for use in pvc and other plasticized materials in all toys and childcare articles. Phthalates accumulate in dust and can be ingested or inhaled. Berkeley analytical is named by the cpsc as a qualified laboratory for the testing of phthalate esters in toys and childcare items. Phthalates are used worldwide as plasticizers as certain. These phthalates can be found in numerous pvc products such as flooring, insulatingsealing sheets, wall coveringstextured wallpaper, imitation leather, tubes, electrical and network cables, motor vehicle parts, shoe soles, clothes, and also in toys 10.
There are phthalates in many consumer products, including. Phthalates are allowed in medical devices in the eu and the current european commission proposal for a regulation on medical devices com2012542 only requires the device to be labeled if it contains specific phthalates dehp, dbp, dibp and bbp which are classified as carcinogenic, mutagenic or toxic to reproduction. Pdf toxic substances in toys, products for children and care of. The extraction and determination of bpa and phthalate. The phthalates rule, which is codified at 16 cfr part 7, makes permanent the interim statutory prohibition on diisononyl phthalate dinp and expands that restriction to prohibit all childrens toys and child care articles that.
Phthalates and childrens products paul brown, keris krennhrubec, dana casciotti, ph. The results from the analytical screening of 63 childrens toys and child care articles show a substantial use of phthalate alternatives, notably atbc, dotp, dinch and txib. So far, healthbased guidance values hbgvs and laboratory reference materials are only available for the seven phthalates studied in this piece of research work. Survey and health assessment of phthalates in toys and. Detailed results of phthalate testing in childrens toys. If you need this document in a format for the visually impaired, call the.
The total % weight of phthalates in this component was 0. Manufacturers add phthalates to plastic products such as rubber duckies, teething rings, and bath toys to make them soft and flexible. Only in three cases, the toys contained dibutyl phthalate dbp, which, according to 0082011 ecuc 2011, must not be released from. Lead in childrens products is a banned hazardous substance 3. Determination of phthalate concentration in toys and. These groups interpret tests performed on animals as suggesting that phthalatestwo phthalates in particularpose similar hazards to humans at low doseshortterm exposure as they do to animals exposed to highdoselongterm exposure. In 2008, the consumer protection safety improvement act permanently banned 3 phthalates at concentrations greater than 0. Demystifying the risks of plasticsoftening chemicals by kenneth green, d. Fourteen other countries, including japan, argentina, and mexico, had also banned phthalates from childrens toys prior to the u. Pdf phthalate plasticizers and safety of toys problems and. Survey and health assessment of phthalates in toys and other products for children 5 foreword this project on phthalates in toys, childcare articles and other products for children is carried during the period march to december 2014. In addition, phthalates can cross the placenta, so they can be passed to a baby during pregnancy when the mother is exposed. If a test shows an unexpectedly elevated concentration, we can also help you isolate the source for the banned phthalate, such as from a process contamination, a raw material, or other source. About 90% of phthalates are used in vinyl, and are widely used in vinyl building products, and many other consumer and commercial.
During pregnancy, these phthalates can p ass from mother to baby. Hdpe high density polyethylene milk jugs, bottles, toys pvc polyvinyl chloride pipe, shower curtains, toys ldpe low density polyethylene shopping bags, toys pp polypropylene food containers, dishware ps polystyrene food containers, toys other polycarbonate drink containers, toys abs acrylonitrile butadiene styrene extruded, molded objects. People are exposed to phthalates by eating and drinking foods that have been in contact with containers and products containing phthalates. The gcms technique presented here will allow for the determina. Laboratory testing detected phthalates in 9 of the 20 toys we submitted for testing. Phthalates were reported in household paints and primers 47 products. Vigorously enforce the consumer product safety improvement acts permanent ban on the use of three specific phthalates in all toys and childrens products. To limit the use of phthalates, many regions have enforced regu lation with specific guidance for phthalates application range. Phthalates and childrens products national center for. More phthalates banned in childrens toys by us government. The consumer product safety commission prohibits the use of eight phthalates at concentrations greater than 0.
Phthalates and cumulative risk assessment the task ahead 2008. They are ubiquitous in the environment and low levels of phthalates in food is not unexpected. Pdi will test raw materials, intermediate compounds and finished goods for the six phthalates. The percentage of toys containing phthalates was higher in 20 in comparison to 2012. Executive summary people are increasingly concerned about the safety of their food, water, consumer, and medical products. Phthalate in childrens toys and for the i childcare. This means that when absorbed into the body phthalates can either mimic or block female hormones, or in males, suppress the hormones involved in male sexual development. Survey and health assessment of phthalates in toys and other. Similarly, dinp, didp and dnop will be banned for those toys and child care articles referred to hereafter as articles, which can be.
Toys page 4 of 4 our services the tuv rheinland laboratories are accredited for chemical testing of phthalates with the official method cpscchc100109. Using the analytical method described above, random samples from babies and childrens toys collected from the toy department of a major retail store were investigated. Exposure can occur through the use of some plastic medical equipment such as intravenous iv tubing. In the united states, as of february 2009, three high phthalates were permanently prohibited at concentrations greater than 0. On october 27, 2017, the commission published the final phthalates rule in the federal register. View this pdf for an independent analysis of how the european ban came about. Phthalates are a concern for adults, too, of course. Determination of phthalate concentration in toys and children. Phthalates are plasticisers that are added to other materials to make them softer and more flexible they are widely used in a range of polymers such as pvc that are found in a wide variety of consumer products including floor and wall covering, furnishing, toys, car interior, clothing, hoses etc. For instance, phthalates help keep your nail polish from cracking. How toxic sex toys illustrate a broader problem for consumer protection zach biesanz not long ago, mattel, the worlds largest toymaker, responded to pressure from consumer advocate and environmental groups, by changing the composition of its barbie toys and ending its use of. Phthalates are used to make plastics more flexible, according to the fda, and are often found in cosmetics. The european union eu 1 and the us consumer product safety improvement act cpsia introduced regulations for children toys and childcare products 2. The consumer product safety improvement act of 2008 cpsia banned the use of three phthalates in toys and child care articles at.
Phthalates analysis in toys using agilent 5977e gcms. In response to a european ban on the use of some phthalates in toys. The report describes the results of the project, including the survey of the market and the results of the survey. Section 108a of the cpsia permanently prohibited the manufacture for sale, offer for sale, distribution in commerce, or importation into the united states of any childrens toy or child care article that contains. Childrens toy is a consumer product designed or intended by the manufacturer for a. In october 2007, california passed legislation banning the manufacture and sale of toys and child care products that contain levels of six specific phthalates of more than onetenth of 1%. Bpa, phthalates, and the law march 2010 argument for more regulation, higher penalties, and outright bans on the use of bpa and certain phthalates has gained considerable momentum. The consumer product safety improvement act of 2008 cpsia banned the use of three phthalates in toys and child care articles at concentrations greater than 0. They also tend to be more porous than other toys, which gives bacteria places to hide.
Regardless of which of these interpretations of the federal cpsia prevails, toys and child care articles containing excessive levels of phthalates cannot be sold or distributed in california. This project on phthalates in toys, childcare articles and other products for children. Phthalate levels in packaging from art supplies and art toys. House and senate agree to ban some phthalates from toys at the end of july, the house and senate both passed, by wide margins, a compromise version of theconsumer product safety modernization actthat includes a partial ban on the use of phthalates in toys and child care products. Aggregate exposures to phthalates in humans 1 executive summary phthalates are a family of chemicals that are produced in the millions of tons annually worldwide, and are a principal component of many diverse products that consumers come into contact with at home, at work, and in hospitals. Phthalates are weak endocrine disruptors and androgen. In this way, even low amounts of phthalates can be detected. Phthalate esters of concern in ca proposition 65 and cpsia. Phthalates are a group of chemicals used to soften and increase the flexibility of plastic and vinyl.
Aug 31, 2018 phthalates are a concern for adults, too, of course. Pdf a number of reports published worldwide create awareness on the harms of global usage of phthalates in various products. Exposure to these six phthalates breathing in phthalates present in air and dust transferring phthalates from hands to mouth and swallowing absorbing phthalates through the skin from products that contain phthalates consuming food containing dehp or dinp as a result of. Phthalates can seep out of household products made from polyvinyl chloride pvc or vinyl like shower curtains, carpeting, vinyl. Conclusion european and north american countries have set limits on the acceptable levels of phthalates in toys.